TY - JOUR A1 - Zylka, Waldemar A1 - Waßenberg, Jörg T1 - Investigation of avascular tumor–immune system interactions using a CA–PDE model T2 - Current directions in biomedical engineering N2 - We report on investigations that illustrate the interaction between the specific immune system and a young avascular tumor growing due to a diffusive nutrient supply. We formulate a hybrid cellular automata-partial differential equation (CA-PDE) model which includes cell cycle dynamics and allows for tracking the spatial and temporal evolution of this elaborate biological system. We present results of two dimensional numerical simulations that, specifically in this work, include special cases of the spherical and papillary tumor growth, the infiltration of immune system cells into the tumor and the escape of tumor cells from the regime of the immune cells. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://whge.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/3155 SN - 2364-5504 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 615 EP - 619 ER -