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3D characterization of the complex vascular bundle system of Hakea fruits based on X-ray microtomography (µCT) for a better understanding of the opening mechanism

  • Fruits (follicles) of Hakea salicifolia and Hakea sericea (Proteaceae) are characterised by pronounced lignification and open via a ventral suture and the dorsal side. The opening along both sides is unique within the Proteaceae. Both serotinous species are obligate seeders, whose spreading benefits from bush fire events. The different tissues and the course of the vascular bundles must allow the opening mechanism. While their 2D-arrangements are known to some extent from light-microscopy images of cross-sections, this work presents their three-dimensional structures and discusses their contribution to the opening of Hakea fruits. For this purpose, 3D greyscale images, reconstructed from µCT-projection data of both fruits are segmented, assisted by a deep learning algorithm (AI algorithm). 3D renderings from these segmentations show strongly interconnected vascular bundles that build a double-dome shaped network in each valve of H. salicifolia and a dome shaped honeycomb-structure in each valve of H. sericea. However, the vascular bundles of both species show no interconnection between the two lateral valves of the fruit but leave gaps for predetermined fracture tissues on the ventral and dorsal side. The opening of the fruits after a fire or after separation from the mother plant can be explained by the anisotropic shrinkage in the two valves of the fruit.

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Metadaten
Author:Matthias Fischer, Heike Beismann
ISSN:0367-2530
Parent Title (English):Flora
Publisher:Elsevier
Place of publication:Amsterdam
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2022/04/19
Year of first Publication:2022
Embargo Date:2023/03/02
Publishing Institution:Westfälische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen
Release Date:2022/04/19
Tag:Biomechanics; Deep Learning
Volume:289.2022
Issue:April
First Page:152035
Departments / faculties:Fachbereiche / Maschinenbau Bocholt
Licence (German):License LogoEs gilt das Urheberrechtsgesetz

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