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The biomodification of surfaces, especially titanium, is an important issue in current biomedical research. Regarding titanium, it is also important to ensure a specific protein modification of its surface because here protein binding that is too random can be observed. Specific nanoscale architectures can be applied to overcome this problem. As recently shown, streptavidin can be used as a coupling agent to immobilize biotinylated fibronectin (bFn) on a TiOX surface. Because of the conformation of adsorbed biotinylated fibronectin on a streptavidin monolayer, it is possible to adsorb more streptavidin and biotinylated fibronectin layers. On this basis, an alternating protein multilayer can be built up. In contrast to common layer-by-layer technology, in this procedure the mechanism of layer adsorption is very specific because of the interaction of biotin and streptavidin. In addition, we showed that the assembly of this multilayer system and its stability are dependent on the degree of labeling of biotinylated fibronectin. Hence we conclude that it is possible to build up well-defined nanoscale protein architectures by varying the degree of labeling of biotinylated fibronectin.
Moderating Role of Self-control Strength with Transformational Leadership and Adaptive Performance
(2013)
Based on a longitudinal sample of employees from the U.S. financial services industry (N=121), the present research examined the impact of transformational leadership on followers’ adaptive performance in change processes. Follower personality was taken into account as boundary condition by testing, if follower self-control strength as an individual trait moderated the relationship between transformational leadership and adaptive performance. In line with the developed hypothesis, results from a latent moderated structural equation model showed that followers’ self-control strength attenuated the relationship between transformational leadership and adaptive performance. Implications for research and practice are discussed.