Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2017 (124)
- 2018 (84)
- 2022 (78)
- 2016 (70)
- 2021 (67)
- 2020 (60)
- 2015 (59)
- 2019 (55)
- 2023 (49)
- 2013 (45)
- 2006 (39)
- 2014 (35)
- 2007 (33)
- 2010 (32)
- 2008 (31)
- 2012 (31)
- 2005 (28)
- 2011 (27)
- 2003 (23)
- 2002 (20)
- 2001 (19)
- 2004 (19)
- 2009 (18)
- 2000 (16)
- 1996 (9)
- 1999 (9)
- 2024 (9)
- 1998 (7)
- 1995 (6)
- 1997 (4)
- 1994 (2)
- 1983 (1)
- 1987 (1)
- 1988 (1)
- 1992 (1)
Dokumenttyp
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (1112) (entfernen)
Sprache
- Deutsch (872)
- Englisch (237)
- Französisch (2)
- Spanisch (1)
Schlagworte
- Geldpolitik (6)
- Arbeitsrecht (4)
- Building Information Modeling (4)
- Deutschland (4)
- Energiepolitik (4)
- Kühllastberechnung (4)
- E-Learning (3)
- Europäische Union (3)
- Europäische Zentralbank (3)
- GmbH (3)
- Journalismus (3)
- Kommunikation im Internet (3)
- Medieninformatik (3)
- Qualitätsplan (3)
- Reinraumtechnik (3)
- Unbewegliche Sache (3)
- VDI 2078 (3)
- Virtuelle Hochschule (3)
- Bachelor (2)
- CDK (2)
- Compliance (2)
- Deep Learning (2)
- Deutschland. Bundesverfassungsgericht (2)
- Deutschlandwetter (2)
- EZB (2)
- Energiewende (2)
- Energiewirtschaft (2)
- Erneuerbare Energien (2)
- Finanzkrise (2)
- Immobilie (2)
- Immobilienwirtschaft (2)
- Industry Foundation Classes (2)
- Insolvenz (2)
- Insolvenzrecht (2)
- Internet (2)
- Kartellrecht (2)
- Klimaschutz (2)
- Klimawandel (2)
- Klimaänderung (2)
- Korruption (2)
- Körperschaftsteuer (2)
- Lernraum (2)
- Mediationsverfahren (2)
- Mediatorrolle (2)
- OCSR (2)
- Polymer-Elektrolytmembran-Brennstoffzelle (2)
- Preisanpassungsklausel (2)
- Psychodynamische Beratung (2)
- Recht (2)
- Steuerrecht (2)
- Vergleich (2)
- Vertragsrecht (2)
- Wirtschaftsrecht (2)
- Währungssystem (2)
- composition (2)
- design process (2)
- gender stereotypes (2)
- gender-sensitive design (2)
- gender-specific design (2)
- grüne Geldpolitik (2)
- hydraulic compression (2)
- modular stack design (2)
- open quantum systems (2)
- water electrolysis (2)
- Überschussliquidität (2)
- carbon nanofibers, platinum electrodeposition, ele ctrochemical surface area (1)
- 360 degree Feedback (1)
- AI (1)
- Additive manufacturing Directed energy deposition-arc 316L stainless steel Corrosion behavior Electrochemical corrosion (1)
- Aerosol (1)
- Aggregation-prone (1)
- Akkreditierung (1)
- Akte (1)
- Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen (1)
- Allmende-Güter (1)
- Amerika (1)
- Amylase, Enzymcharakterisierung (1)
- Anorganische Analyse (1)
- Antikorruptionsgesetzgebung Großbritannien (1)
- Antikorruptionsgesetzgebung USA (1)
- Arbeitnehmer (1)
- Arbeitsmarkt (1)
- Arbeitsverhältnis (1)
- Arbeitszeit (1)
- Arbeitsökonomie (1)
- Archivrecht (1)
- Arzneimittel (1)
- Assessment Center (1)
- Atomausstieg (1)
- Augmented (1)
- Augmented Electromagnetic Accelerators (1)
- Augmented Multiphase (1)
- Augmented Multiphase Rail Launcher (1)
- Augmented Three-Phase AC-Railgun (1)
- Ausgliederung (1)
- Auslegung (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- BDSG (1)
- BIM Weiterbildung (1)
- BSM (1)
- Bank (1)
- Bargeld (1)
- Befragung (1)
- Bekämpfung (1)
- Berufsfeldstudie (1)
- Beschäftigung (1)
- Betriebsrat (1)
- Beweisbarkeit (1)
- Beweiswert (1)
- Bewerbung (1)
- Bewertung (1)
- Biomechanics (1)
- Biomedical monitoring, Hospitals, Electrocardiography, Wireless communication, Patient monitoring, Wireless sensor networks (1)
- Bionik (1)
- Bodily sensation maps (1)
- Bologna-Prozess (1)
- Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (1)
- Boulevardisierung (1)
- Branding (1)
- Braunkohlenbergbau (1)
- Brexit (1)
- Brexit (1)
- Bundesdatenschutzgesetz (2017) (1)
- Bundesverfassungsgericht (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CRM (1)
- Carboxylate (1)
- Case-Study (1)
- Cash-Pooling (1)
- Catalysis (1)
- Cavitation; Corrosion; Laser remelting; Self-fluxing alloys; Stellite 6 (1)
- Cell-free implant (1)
- Chemical image depiction (1)
- Chemical space (1)
- Cheminformatics (1)
- Chemistry Development Kit (1)
- Chemistry Development Kit, CDK, Molecule fragmentation, In silico fragmentation, Scaffolds, Functional groups, Glycosidic moieties, Rich client, Graphical user interface, GUI (1)
- Clearingstelle EEG (1)
- Cloud Computing (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Coaching (1)
- Corporate Identity (1)
- Corporate restructuring (1)
- Cr(VI) and Zn(II) cations (1)
- Crowdfunding (1)
- DECIMER (1)
- DSGVO (1)
- Data Collection (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Datenjournalismus (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (1)
- Datensicherung (1)
- Depiction generator image augmentation (1)
- Depression (1)
- Designprozess (1)
- Deutscher Aktienindex (1)
- Deutschland / Mitbestimmungsgesetz (1)
- Deutschland. Bundesgerichtshof (1)
- Deutschland. Bundeskartellamt (1)
- Deutschland: Umweltgesetzbuch (1)
- Didaktik Wirtschaftswissenschaft (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Dissipative particle dynamics, DPD, Surfactant, Bilayer, Lamellar, Simulation, Mesoscopic (1)
- Due Diligence (1)
- E. coli SHuffle® T7 (1)
- ESZB-Mandat (1)
- Economic law (1)
- Eigentum (1)
- Einkommensteuer (1)
- Electrodeposition (1)
- Electrolysis (1)
- Electromagnetic Launcher (1)
- Electronic Commerce (1)
- Elektrizitätsversorgung (1)
- Elektrizitätswirtschaft (1)
- Emissionshandel (1)
- Emotion induction (1)
- Energy Storage Mode (1)
- Energy-Only-Market (1)
- Entrepreneurial Education (1)
- Entrepreneurship (1)
- Erfolgsfaktor (1)
- Erlass (1)
- Erweiterte Realität <Informatik> (1)
- Erwerbsobliegenheit (1)
- Euro-crisis (1)
- Eurokrise (1)
- Europe (1)
- European System of Central Banks (1)
- Europäische Grundfreiheiten (1)
- Europäischer Gerichtshof (1)
- Europäisches Recht (1)
- Eventmanagement; digitale Events; interne Kommunikation (1)
- Evidence-based Management (1)
- FCPA (1)
- Feldstudie (1)
- Finanzlage (1)
- Finanztransaktionen (1)
- Finanztransaktionssteuer (1)
- Flügelform (1)
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Frist (1)
- Gas Diffusion Electrode (1)
- Gasversorgung (1)
- Gehalt (1)
- Geheimnisschutz (1)
- Geldbuße (1)
- Geldschöpfung (1)
- Geldwäsche (1)
- Gemeinnützigkeit (1)
- Genderstereotype (1)
- Genossenschaft (1)
- Geschlecht (1)
- Gesellschaftsrecht (1)
- Gesetz zur Modernisierung des GmbH-Rechts und zur Bekämpfung von Missbräuchen (1)
- Gestaltung (1)
- Gewinnausschüttungen, Beihilfen, Corona-Hilfsmaßnahmen, Daimler (1)
- Greek dept crisis (1)
- Grundfreiheiten (1)
- Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (1)
- Grundrecht (1)
- Grundrente (1)
- Grüne Geldpolitik (1)
- Haftung (1)
- Halbleiterschutzgesetz (1)
- Hand-drawn chemical structures (1)
- Handel (1)
- Handelsbilanz (1)
- Hauspflege (1)
- Haustechnik (1)
- Homogene Kühlung (1)
- Hydraulic cell compression (1)
- Hydrogen evolution reaction (1)
- Hydrophilicity enhanced hBMP2 variant (1)
- Hypothek (1)
- IAPS (1)
- ICP-Massenspektrometrie (1)
- IFC (1)
- Identitätsentwicklung (1)
- Immobilien (1)
- Immobilienmarkt (1)
- Implantat (1)
- In-silico-design (1)
- Indigo (1)
- Inflation (1)
- Informatik (1)
- Infrastrukturfinanzierung (1)
- Insolvenzeröffnung (1)
- Insolvenzplan (1)
- Insolvenzreife (1)
- Insolvenzverfahren (1)
- Insolvenzverschleppung (1)
- Interdependenz (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- Intereffikation (1)
- Internationales Steuerrecht (1)
- Jurist (1)
- Juristenausbildung (1)
- KMU (1)
- Kapital (1)
- Kapitalerhaltung (1)
- Kapitalmarkt (1)
- Kapitalverkehrsbilanz (1)
- Kartellproblem (1)
- Keensche Optimierung (1)
- Kernenergie (1)
- Kernspintomografie (1)
- Keynesianische Gütermarktanalyse (1)
- Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (1)
- Klimaschutz, Erneuerbare Energien, Osterpaket (1)
- Klimatechnik (1)
- Kohleausstieg (1)
- Kohlekraftwerk (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kompetenzen EU (1)
- Komplementärwährung (1)
- Komposition (1)
- Konvergenz (1)
- Kopftuch (1)
- Kreditgeld (1)
- Kreditmarkt (1)
- Kreislaufmodell (1)
- Kundenmanagement (1)
- Kurztest (1)
- Laser Synthesis Electrocatalytic Water Splitting (1)
- Leadership Competencies (1)
- Leerstand (1)
- Legal education (1)
- Lehre (1)
- Leiharbeit (1)
- Linear Electromagnetic Accelerator (1)
- Lizenzzahlungen (1)
- Luftverkehrsgesellschaft (1)
- Lüftungsanlage (1)
- MITRE (1)
- Magnetic Pressure (1)
- Makroökonomie (1)
- Management (1)
- Mapping (1)
- Markenmanagement (1)
- Markenrecht (1)
- Marketing (1)
- Marktplatz (1)
- Marktzutrittshemmnis (1)
- Master of Laws (1)
- Medialisierung (1)
- Mediatoranalyse (1)
- Medication (1)
- Membrane (1)
- Methodology (1)
- Miete (1)
- Mietendeckel (1)
- Mietpreis (1)
- Mikrocomputer (1)
- Mikroinformatik (1)
- Mikroökonomie (1)
- Mischbetrieb (1)
- Mitbestimmung (1)
- Mittelstand (1)
- Modellierung (1)
- Modular Augmented Launcher (1)
- Modular Design (1)
- Monetäre Impulse (1)
- Monopol (1)
- Montanmitbestimmung (1)
- Multiphase Rail Launcher (1)
- Mund-Nasen-Schutz (1)
- Muzzle Velocity (1)
- Münzgewinn (1)
- N,N,O Ligands (1)
- N,N′ Ligands (1)
- Natural products (1)
- Negativzins (1)
- NiCrBSi coatings; flame spraying; induction remelting; wear resistance (1)
- Normalisierung (1)
- Normung (1)
- Nutzungsrecht (1)
- OCSR, Optical Chemical Structure Recognition (1)
- ORR OER (1)
- OSINT (1)
- Ohrwurm (1)
- Organgesellschaft (1)
- Organisationskultur (1)
- Organschaft (1)
- PEM electrolysis (1)
- PEM fuel cell (1)
- PEM fuel cell electrocatalysts, Carbon nanofibers, Oxygen plasma activation, Pulsed electroplating. (1)
- PEM water electrolysis (1)
- PEMWE (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Patentrecht (1)
- Pflichtenkollision (1)
- Physics-informed deep learning; unsupervised learning; Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokesequations; high Reynolds number flow; turbulence modeling (1)
- Piketty, Thomas (1)
- Planungsverfahren (1)
- Plattformen für den Einzelhandel (1)
- Politikjournalismus (1)
- Politische Berichterstattung (1)
- Politische Kommunikation (1)
- Polymere (1)
- Polypol (1)
- Porous Transport Layers (1)
- Postwachstumsökonomie (1)
- Powder feed rate HVOF Cermet Wear Corrosion (1)
- Praxis (1)
- Preisnehmerverhalten (1)
- Private Altersversorgung (1)
- Privatkundengeschäft (1)
- Privatrecht (1)
- Professor (1)
- PtCoMn (1)
- Qualitätswettbewerb (1)
- RDKit (1)
- RLT-Auslegung (1)
- RLT-Geräte, Klimawandel, Leistungsreserve (1)
- Rail Launcher (1)
- Railgun (1)
- Raumluft (1)
- Raumluftreiniger (1)
- Raumlufttechnisches Gerät (1)
- Rechtsdidaktik (1)
- Rechtsfolge (1)
- Rechtsprechung (1)
- Rechtswissenschaft (1)
- Rechtsökonomik (1)
- Reform der Geldordnung (1)
- Regionalwährung (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Reiserecht (1)
- Replication (1)
- Resozialisierung (1)
- Reverse Engineering (1)
- Reverse Mortgage (1)
- Rwanda (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- Scaffold (1)
- Scaffold network (1)
- Scaffold tree (1)
- Schiedsrichterliches Verfahren (1)
- Schleichwerbung (1)
- Schuldenkrise (1)
- Schuldenproblem (1)
- Screening (1)
- Segmentation; Correlation; Diseases; Convolutional Neural Networks (1)
- Selbstanzeige (1)
- Selektionshypothese, krankheitsbedingter Erwerbsausstieg (1)
- Semi-Infinite Plate (1)
- Servant Leadership (1)
- Sichtbarkeit für den Einzelhandel (1)
- Social Innovation (1)
- Sozialrecht (1)
- Spondylodese (1)
- Sprachenrecht (1)
- Stack <Brennstoffzelle> (1)
- Standardmodell (1)
- Stationärer Handel (1)
- Stellite 6; HVOF-spraying; Laser remelting; Cavitation erosion; Coatings (1)
- Steuerreform (1)
- Stille Rücklage (1)
- Strafrecht (1)
- Strukturwandel (1)
- Studiengang (1)
- Studium (1)
- TGA-Büro (1)
- Technische Gebäudeausrüstung (1)
- Ternary alloy catalyst preparation (1)
- Thermal Performance (1)
- Titanium; Al2O3–TiO2 coatings; Nanoindentation (1)
- Tobin-Steuer (1)
- Transaktion (1)
- Transformer (1)
- Trendstudie (1)
- Triage (1)
- Twitter (1)
- Twitter <Softwareplattform> (1)
- UK Bribery Act (1)
- UKBA (1)
- Umkehrhypothek (1)
- Umverteilungspolitik (1)
- Unternehmen (1)
- Unternehmensgründung (1)
- Unternehmenskauf (1)
- Unternehmensstrafrecht (1)
- Unternehmensübernahme (1)
- Unternehmerbild (1)
- Unterscheidung (1)
- Unvollständige Konkurrenz (1)
- Upscaling laboratory models (1)
- Urheberrecht (1)
- VR (1)
- Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf (1)
- Verfassungsmäßigkeit (1)
- Verfassungsrecht (1)
- Vermögensbesteuerung (1)
- Virtualisierung (1)
- Virtuelle 3D-Welt (1)
- Virtuelle Realität (1)
- Virtueller Lernraum (1)
- Volkswirtschaft (1)
- Vollgeld (1)
- Vollkommene Konkurrenz (1)
- Vor-GmbH (1)
- Wachstum (1)
- Wachstum, Nachhaltigkeit, Unternehmensfinanzierung (1)
- Wasserstoff (1)
- Wasserstoff-Kraftwerke (1)
- Wechselkurs (1)
- Werbeslogan (1)
- Werbewirkung (1)
- Werbung (1)
- Wertschöpfungsrechnung (1)
- Whistleblower (1)
- Whistleblowing (1)
- Wirtschaft (1)
- Wirtschaftsjurist (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaft (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium (1)
- Wohlverhaltensphase (1)
- Wohnungsangebot (1)
- Wohnungseigentum (1)
- XR (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zinsanpassungsklausel (1)
- Zinsgleitklausel (1)
- Zivilrecht (1)
- Zollrecht (1)
- Zombie-Unternehmen (1)
- Zufall (1)
- Zukunft (1)
- academic and job-related self-control demands (1)
- activated sludge (1)
- additive manufacturing; polylactic acid (PLA); fused filament fabrication (FFF); fused deposition modeling (FDM); printing temperature; filament color; dimensional accuracy; tensile strength; friction performance; wear (1)
- adhesion (1)
- advanced persistent threats (1)
- aerosol (1)
- air hygiene (1)
- airborne infection (1)
- antecedents (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- assistive robotics (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- bacterial toxicity (1)
- balance (1)
- barrel cortex, cell types, multielectrode recordings, perception, psychophysics (1)
- bio-inspired functional surface (1)
- bioinspired (1)
- biomimetic (1)
- biomimetic materials (1)
- biomimetics; functional morphology; plant biomechanics; plant motion; strain analysis; structure–function relationship; 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC); Hakea sericea; Hakea salicifolia (1)
- biomimicry (1)
- bipolar plate (1)
- blockchain (1)
- bloxberg (1)
- carbon nanofibers, platinum electrodeposition, electrocatalysts (1)
- cartilage defect (1)
- cartilage regeneration (1)
- chlorinated phenols (1)
- co-based alloys; hot corrosion; solid particle erosion; microstructure; brazing (1)
- coatings (1)
- cobot (1)
- compassionate love (1)
- conical intersection (1)
- corrosion resistance (1)
- corrosion; self-fluxing alloys; NiCrBSi; WC-12Co; cavitation; hard metals (1)
- cyber kill chain (1)
- demagnetization cooling (1)
- design tools (1)
- destruktive Führung (1)
- diagnostics, Big Five, Dark Triad, social validity, acceptance (1)
- diversity (1)
- dlt (1)
- dunkle Triade (1)
- dynamic capabilities (1)
- education; skills; competences; pandemic; online or face-to-face (1)
- efficiency of exciton transfer (1)
- empowerment (1)
- entrepreneurial diversity (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- erneuerbare Energien (1)
- ethereum (1)
- ethics (1)
- excitation energy transfer (1)
- expert interviews (1)
- externe Effekte (1)
- face mask (1)
- farming (1)
- finance crisis (1)
- financial market regulation (1)
- freiwilliges Arbeitsengagement (1)
- fused deposition modeling (FDM); fused filament fabrication (FFF); polylactic acid (PLA); layer height; layer thickness; filament color; PLA color; dimensional accuracy; tensile strength (1)
- gGmbH (1)
- gendersensibles Design (1)
- human robot interaction (1)
- human-robot collaboration (1)
- hydraulic cell compression (1)
- innovation (1)
- international comparative study (1)
- intersectionality (1)
- irritation (1)
- junge Erwachsene (1)
- kritische Faktoren (1)
- long-term toxicity (1)
- luminescent bacteria (1)
- machine learning (1)
- managerial vs. non-managerial actors (1)
- measurement study (1)
- media accountability (1)
- mentales Abschalten nach der Arbeit (1)
- microfoundations (1)
- mobile Luftreiniger (1)
- multi-level model of competence (1)
- narcissism (1)
- neutrality (1)
- nonadiabatic dynamics (1)
- noncommuting fluctuations (1)
- nonequilibrium quantum transport (1)
- normalisation (1)
- novel (1)
- offene Volkswirtschaft (1)
- open science (1)
- optical chemical structure recognition (1)
- pH-shift elution (1)
- phishing (1)
- pipeline (1)
- poa (1)
- poe (1)
- political journalism (1)
- polymer electrolyte membrane (1)
- product development (1)
- projection (1)
- quality standards (1)
- quantum dissipation (1)
- reconnaissance (1)
- relevance (1)
- respiration inhibition (1)
- role identity (1)
- self-fluxing; ZrO2; NiCrBSi; vacuum post-treatment; thermal spraying (1)
- servant leadership (1)
- shared user control (1)
- solution finding (1)
- study and working time per week (1)
- television news coverage (1)
- trait self-control (1)
- transport (1)
- tree frog (1)
- ventilation (1)
- vibronic coupling (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- visual cues (1)
- visualization techniques (1)
- watchblogs (1)
- Änderung (1)
- Öffentliche Schulden (1)
- Ökonomische Theorie des Rechts (1)
- Übertragungsnetz (1)
Institut
- Wirtschaftsrecht (448)
- Institut für Internetsicherheit (160)
- Wirtschaft und Informationstechnik Bocholt (68)
- Institut für Innovationsforschung und -management (55)
- Westfälisches Energieinstitut (55)
- Westfälisches Institut für Gesundheit (47)
- Wirtschaft Gelsenkirchen (36)
- Elektrotechnik und angewandte Naturwissenschaften (33)
- Informatik und Kommunikation (32)
- Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen (25)
In this work, a novel polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) test cell based on hydraulic single-cell compression is described. In this test cell, the current density distribution is almost homogeneous over the active cell area due to hydraulic cell clamping. As the hydraulic medium entirely surrounds the active cell components, it is also used to control cell temperature resulting in even temperature distribution. The PEMWE single-cell test system based on hydraulic compression offers a 25 cm2 active surface area (5.0 × 5.0 cm) and can be operated up to 80°C and 6.0 A/cm2. Construction details and material selection for the designed test cell are given in this document. Furthermore, findings related to pressure distribution analyzed by utilizing a pressure-sensitive foil, the cell performance indicated by polarization curves, and the reproducibility of results are described. Experimental data indicate the applicability of the presented testing device for relevant PEMWE component testing and material analysis.
Robot arms are one of many assistive technologies used by people with motor impairments. Assistive robot arms can allow people to perform activities of daily living (ADL) involving grasping and manipulating objects in their environment without the assistance of caregivers. Suitable input devices (e.g., joysticks) mostly have two Degrees of Freedom (DoF), while most assistive robot arms have six or more. This results in time-consuming and cognitively demanding mode switches to change the mapping of DoFs to control the robot. One option to decrease the difficulty of controlling a high-DoF assistive robot arm using a low-DoF input device is to assign different combinations of movement-DoFs to the device’s input DoFs depending on the current situation (adaptive control). To explore this method of control, we designed two adaptive control methods for a realistic virtual 3D environment. We evaluated our methods against a commonly used non-adaptive control method that requires the user to switch controls manually. This was conducted in a simulated remote study that used Virtual Reality and involved 39 non-disabled participants. Our results show that the number of mode switches necessary to complete a simple pick-and-place task decreases significantl when using an adaptive control type. In contrast, the task completion time and workload stay the same. A thematic analysis of qualitative feedback of our participants suggests that a longer period of training could further improve the performance of adaptive control methods.
Under ambient conditions, almost all metals are coated by an oxide. These coatings, the result of a chemical reaction, are not passive. Many of them bind, activate and modify adsorbed molecules, processes that are exploited, for example, in heterogeneous catalysis and photochemistry. Here we report an effect of general importance that governs the bonding, structure formation and dissociation of molecules on oxidic substrates. For a specific example, methanol adsorbed on the rutile TiO2(110) single crystal surface, we demonstrate by using a combination of experimental and theoretical techniques that strongly bonding adsorbates can lift surface relaxations beyond their adsorption site, which leads to a sig- nificant substrate-mediated interaction between adsorbates. The result is a complex super- structure consisting of pairs of methanol molecules and unoccupied adsorption sites. Infrared spectroscopy reveals that the paired methanol molecules remain intact and do not depro- tonate on the defect-free terraces of the rutile TiO2(110) surface.
It is well-known that protein-modified implant surfaces such as TiO2 show a higher bioconductivity. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein from the extracellular matrix (ECM) with a major role in cell adhesion. It can be applied on titanium oxide surfaces to accelerate implant integration. Not only the surface concentration but also the presentation of the protein plays an important role for the cellular response. We were able to show that TiOX surfaces modified with biotinylated fibronectin adsorbed on a streptavidin-silane self-assembly multilayer system are more effective regarding osteoblast adhesion than surfaces modified with nonspecifically bound fibronectin. The adsorption and conformation behavior of biotinylated and nonbiotinylated (native) fibronectin was studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Imaging of the protein modification revealed that fibronectin adopts different conformations on nonmodified compared to streptavidin-modified TiOX surfaces. This conformational change of biotinylated fibronectin on the streptavidin monolayer delivers a fibronectin structure similar to the conformation inside the ECM and therefore explains the higher cell affinity for these surfaces.
Advancements in hand-drawn chemical structure recognition through an enhanced DECIMER architecture
(2024)
Accurate recognition of hand-drawn chemical structures is crucial for digitising hand-written chemical information in traditional laboratory notebooks or facilitating stylus-based structure entry on tablets or smartphones. However, the inherent variability in hand-drawn structures poses challenges for existing Optical Chemical Structure Recognition (OCSR) software. To address this, we present an enhanced Deep lEarning for Chemical ImagE Recognition (DECIMER) architecture that leverages a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers to improve the recognition of hand-drawn chemical structures. The model incorporates an EfficientNetV2 CNN encoder that extracts features from hand-drawn images, followed by a Transformer decoder that converts the extracted features into Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) strings. Our models were trained using synthetic hand-drawn images generated by RanDepict, a tool for depicting chemical structures with different style elements. A benchmark was performed using a real-world dataset of hand-drawn chemical structures to evaluate the model's performance. The results indicate that our improved DECIMER architecture exhibits a significantly enhanced recognition accuracy compared to other approaches.